The game is divided in three parts, named after the three traditional eras of Ancient Rome: ' Kingdom', ' Republic' and ' Empire'. To this end, Sierra Games did detailed research into Roman lifestyles using secondary sources and primary sources. In an attempt at historical realism, the game tries to stay as close to proper Roman lifestyles as possible. In addition, buildings and roads may be placed at 45 degree angles to the playing grid, as well as aligned with the grid, allowing game players more options in creating efficient and visually appealing city layouts. This means more realistic landscapes and city views, and the ability for players to better see and use game building space.
In a departure from older versions in the series, Caesar IV is equipped with variable, realistic 3D instead of fixed, isometric 3D.
